Endangered Bird Species

Endangered Bird Species
Today, there are approximately 9,040 species of birds on earth with about 852 found in the U.S. Of these U.S. birds, 90 are listed as endangered or threatened under the Endangered Species Act. Another 124 additional species are listed by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service as being of management concern, meaning that they may become candidates for listing under the ESA without additional conservation action or that special attention is warranted to prevent declines.

Listed as species of concern are the Common Loon, American Bittern, Reddish Egret, Red-shouldered Hawk, Snowy Plover, Black Tern, Short-eared Owl, Red-headed Woodpecker, Bell's Vireo, and Golden-winged Warbler. Largely due to loss of habitat, habitat fragmentation, introduced species including domestic cats, and contaminants, many bird species are experiencing serious declines.

From 1966 to 1993 , the Breeding Bird Survey has detected: a 90% decline in Black Skimmers; a 40% decline in Wood Thrushes; a 90% decline in Black-chinned Sparrows; and a 50% decline in Cerulean Warblers and Loggerhead Shrikes.

Already listed under the ESA are such avian species as the California Condor, Stellar's Eider, Piping Plover, Whooping Crane, Aleutian Canada Goose, and the Everglade Snail Kite. Gone forever is the Passenger Pigeon, once one of the most numerous birds in North America. Also gone forever is the once relatively plentiful Carolina Parakeet.

Of the 852 species found in the U.S., 778 are migratory nongame birds and roughly 350 are migratory songbirds species. About 250 of these songbirds are neotropical migrants. Many of these neotropical migratory song birds are in serious decline with documentation of an overall 50% decline in the volume of annual flights over the Gulf of Mexico in the last twenty years. Songbirds found in grasslands are experiencing some of the largest and most consistent declines, including the Bobolink and Meadowlarks. Many forest-dwelling species also are in serious decline.

Akepa, Hawaii (honeycreeper) ( Loxops coccineus coccineus)
Akepa, Maui (honeycreeper) ( Loxops coccineus ochraceus)
Akialoa, Kauai (honeycreeper) ( Hemignathus procerus)
Akiapola`au (honeycreeper) ( Hemignathus munroi)
Albatross, short-tailed ( Phoebastria (=Diomedea) albatrus)
Blackbird, yellow-shouldered ( Agelaius xanthomus)
Bobwhite, masked (quail) ( Colinus virginianus ridgwayi)
Cahow ( Pterodroma cahow)
Caracara, Audubon's crested ( Polyborus plancus audubonii)
Condor, California ( Gymnogyps californianus)
Coot, Hawaiian ( Fulica americana alai)
Crane, Mississippi sandhill ( Grus canadensis pulla)
Crane, whooping ( Grus americana)
Creeper, Hawaii ( Oreomystis mana)
Creeper, Molokai ( Paroreomyza flammea)
Creeper, Oahu ( Paroreomyza maculata)
Crow, Hawaiian (='alala) ( Corvus hawaiiensis)
Crow, Mariana (=aga) ( Corvus kubaryi)
Crow, white-necked ( Corvus leucognaphalus)
Curlew, Eskimo ( Numenius borealis)
Duck, Hawaiian (=koloa) ( Anas wyvilliana)
Duck, Laysan ( Anas laysanensis)
Eagle, bald ( Haliaeetus leucocephalus)
Eider, spectacled ( Somateria fischeri)
Eider, Steller's ( Polysticta stelleri)
Elepaio, Oahu ( Chasiempis sandwichensis ibidis)
Falcon, northern aplomado ( Falco femoralis septentrionalis)
Finch, Laysan (honeycreeper) ( Telespyza cantans)
Finch, Nihoa (honeycreeper) ( Telespyza ultima)
Flycatcher, southwestern willow ( Empidonax traillii extimus)
Gnatcatcher, coastal California ( Polioptila californica californica)
Goose, Hawaiian ( Branta (=Nesochen) sandvicensis)
Hawk, Hawaiian (='lo) ( Buteo solitarius)
Hawk, Puerto Rican broad-winged ( Buteo platypterus brunnescens)
Hawk, Puerto Rican sharp-shinned ( Accipiter striatus venator)
Honeycreeper, crested ( Palmeria dolei)
Jay, Florida scrub ( Aphelocoma coerulescens)
Kingfisher, Guam Micronesian ( Halcyon cinnamomina cinnamomina)
Kite, Everglade snail ( Rostrhamus sociabilis plumbeus)
Megapode, Micronesian ( Megapodius laperouse)
Millerbird, Nihoa (old world warbler) ( Acrocephalus familiaris kingi)
Monarch, Tinian (old world flycatcher) ( Monarcha takatsukasae)
Moorhen, Hawaiian common ( Gallinula chloropus sandvicensis)
Moorhen, Mariana common ( Gallinula chloropus guami)
Murrelet, marbled ( Brachyramphus marmoratus marmoratus)
Nightjar, Puerto Rican ( Caprimulgus noctitherus)
Nukupu`u (honeycreeper) ( Hemignathus lucidus)
`O`o, Kauai (honeyeater) ( Moho braccatus)
`O`u (honeycreeper) ( Psittirostra psittacea)
Owl, Mexican spotted ( Strix occidentalis lucida)
Owl, northern spotted ( Strix occidentalis caurina)
Palila (honeycreeper) ( Loxioides bailleui)
Parrot, Puerto Rican ( Amazona vittata)
Parrotbill, Maui (honeycreeper) ( Pseudonestor xanthophrys)
Pelican, brown ( Pelecanus occidentalis)
Petrel, Hawaiian dark-rumped ( Pterodroma phaeopygia sandwichensis)
Pigeon, Puerto Rican plain ( Columba inornata wetmorei)
Plover, piping ( Charadrius melodus)
Plover, western snowy ( Charadrius alexandrinus nivosus)
Po`ouli (honeycreeper) ( Melamprosops phaeosoma)
Prairie-chicken, Attwater's greater ( Tympanuchus cupido attwateri)
Pygmy-owl, cactus ferruginous ( Glaucidium brasilianum cactorum)
Rail, California clapper ( Rallus longirostris obsoletus)
Rail, Guam ( Rallus owstoni)
Rail, light-footed clapper ( Rallus longirostris levipes)
Rail, Yuma clapper ( Rallus longirostris yumanensis)
Shearwater, Newell's Townsend's ( Puffinus auricularis newelli)
Shrike, San Clemente loggerhead ( Lanius ludovicianus mearnsi)
Sparrow, Cape Sable seaside ( Ammodramus maritimus mirabilis)
Sparrow, Florida grasshopper ( Ammodramus savannarum floridanus)
Sparrow, San Clemente sage ( Amphispiza belli clementeae)
Stilt, Hawaiian ( Himantopus mexicanus knudseni)
Stork, wood ( Mycteria americana)
Swiftlet, Mariana gray ( Aerodramus vanikorensis bartschi)
Tern, California least ( Sterna antillarum browni)
Tern, least ( Sterna antillarum)
Tern, roseate ( Sterna dougallii dougallii)
Thrush, large Kauai (=kamao) ( Myadestes myadestinus)
Thrush, Molokai ( Myadestes lanaiensis rutha)
Thrush, small Kauai (=puaiohi) ( Myadestes palmeri)
Towhee, Inyo California ( Pipilo crissalis eremophilus)
Vireo, black-capped ( Vireo atricapilla)
Vireo, least Bell's ( Vireo bellii pusillus)
Warbler (=wood), Bachman's ( Vermivora bachmanii)
Warbler (=wood), golden-cheeked ( Dendroica chrysoparia)
Warbler (=wood), Kirtland's ( Dendroica kirtlandii)
Warbler, nightingale reed (old world warbler) ( Acrocephalus luscinia)
White-eye, bridled ( Zosterops conspicillatus conspicillatus)
White-eye, Rota bridled ( Zosterops rotensis)
Woodpecker, ivory-billed ( Campephilus principalis)
Woodpecker, red-cockaded ( Picoides borealis)

Bird warning: 10 percent extinct by 2100
Extinction may claim Hawaiian bird

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